Our method
How we teach
This course is designed for complete beginners — including people who feel they're “bad at math”. Here are the principles behind every lesson.
01
Intuition before equations
Every lesson opens with something you can see and play with. Research on physics education (e.g. the work behind PhET at CU Boulder) shows interactive exploration builds understanding that lecture alone doesn't.
02
Always answer 'why'
Physics isn't a list of rules to memorise. Each law comes with the reasoning behind it — Galileo's thought experiments, Newton's checks, Feynman's analogies — so it makes sense, not just sounds right.
03
Predict, then reveal
We ask you to commit to a prediction before showing the answer. Getting it wrong first is one of the most effective ways to correct a misconception.
04
Math as a language, taught from zero
Module 0 starts at 'what does = mean', and a whole companion course, Math for Physics, teaches every other piece of math the lessons use. Every formula has a symbol-by-symbol card, a sentence for reading it aloud, and worked steps revealed one at a time.
05
Honest about limits
Models are approximations. When a formula breaks — like the pendulum at big angles — our simulations solve the exact equations so you can see where.
06
Cited and checkable
Every lesson lists its sources. All of them are free to read online, and the math course only cites material licensed for free reuse.
The colour code
The same quantity always has the same colour — in simulations, graphs and formulas.
Math for Physics has its own code, on the same principle:
Sources
Everything taught here is consistent with these references.
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 2: VectorsOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 1: Units and MeasurementOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 3: Motion Along a Straight LineOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 4: Motion in Two and Three DimensionsOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 5: Newton's Laws of MotionOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 6: Applications of Newton's Laws (friction)OpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 7: Work and Kinetic EnergyOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 8: Potential Energy and Conservation of EnergyOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 9: Linear Momentum and CollisionsOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 13: GravitationOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 15: OscillationsOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 16: WavesOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 10: Fixed-Axis RotationOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 11: Angular MomentumOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 12: Static Equilibrium and ElasticityOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 14: Fluid MechanicsOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Ch. 4.4: Uniform Circular MotionOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 2 — Ch. 1: Temperature and HeatOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 2 — Ch. 2: The Kinetic Theory of GasesOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 2 — Ch. 4: The Second Law of ThermodynamicsOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 2 — Ch. 5: Electric Charges and FieldsOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 2 — Ch. 9: Current and ResistanceOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 2 — Ch. 10: Direct-Current CircuitsOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 1 — Appendix E: Mathematical FormulasOpenStax (Rice University)
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 8: MotionCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 9: Newton's Laws of DynamicsCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 10: Conservation of MomentumCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 11: VectorsCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 18: Rotation in Two DimensionsCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 39: The Kinetic Theory of GasesCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 44: The Laws of ThermodynamicsCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. II, Ch. 4: ElectrostaticsCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. II, Ch. 40: The Flow of Dry WaterCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 4: Conservation of EnergyCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 5: Time and DistanceCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 7: The Theory of GravitationCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 21: The Harmonic OscillatorCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 47: Sound. The Wave EquationCaltech
- HyperPhysics — concept map of mechanicsGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Newton's LawsGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — TrajectoriesGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Simple Harmonic MotionGeorgia State University
- SI UnitsNIST — U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology
- The International System of Units (SI Brochure)BIPM
- The Apollo 15 Hammer-Feather DropNASA
- PhET: Equality ExplorerUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Vector AdditionUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Projectile MotionUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Forces and Motion: BasicsUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Energy Skate ParkUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Collision LabUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Gravity and OrbitsUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Masses and SpringsUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Balancing ActUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Under PressureUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: BuoyancyUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Fluid Pressure and FlowUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Gas PropertiesUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Energy Forms and ChangesUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Coulomb's LawUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Ohm's LawUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- PhET: Circuit Construction Kit: DCUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- HyperPhysics — Rotational MotionGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — FluidsGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Heat and ThermodynamicsGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Electricity and MagnetismGeorgia State University
- PhET: Wave on a StringUniversity of Colorado Boulder
- University Physics Vol. 2 — Ch. 11: Magnetic Forces and FieldsOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 2 — Ch. 13: Electromagnetic InductionOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 3 — Ch. 1: The Nature of LightOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 3 — Ch. 2: Geometric Optics and Image FormationOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 3 — Ch. 3: InterferenceOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 3 — Ch. 5: RelativityOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 3 — Ch. 6: Photons and Matter WavesOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 3 — Ch. 10: Nuclear PhysicsOpenStax (Rice University)
- University Physics Vol. 3 — Ch. 11: Particle Physics and CosmologyOpenStax (Rice University)
- Feynman Lectures Vol. II, Ch. 13: MagnetostaticsCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. II, Ch. 17: The Laws of InductionCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 26: Optics: The Principle of Least TimeCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 27: Geometrical OpticsCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 29: InterferenceCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 15: The Special Theory of RelativityCaltech
- Feynman Lectures Vol. I, Ch. 37: Quantum BehaviorCaltech
- HyperPhysics — Magnetic ForceGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Faraday's LawGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Refraction of LightGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Thin Lens EquationGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Double Slit InterferenceGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Time DilationGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Quantum PhysicsGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Radioactive Half-LifeGeorgia State University
- HyperPhysics — Particles and the Standard ModelGeorgia State University
- The Standard ModelCERN
- Tour of the Electromagnetic SpectrumNASA
- Fields and Circuits (Light and Matter, book 4)Benjamin Crowell (CC BY-SA)
- Light and Matter — Optics chaptersBenjamin Crowell (CC BY-SA)
- Special RelativityBenjamin Crowell (CC BY-SA)
- Modern Physics (Light and Matter, book 6)Benjamin Crowell (CC BY-SA)
- Experimental Researches in Electricity, Vol. 1 (1839)Michael Faraday, via Project Gutenberg (Public domain)
- Opticks (1704)Isaac Newton, via Project Gutenberg (Public domain)
- Relativity: The Special and General Theory (1916)Albert Einstein, via Project Gutenberg (Public domain)
- Prealgebra — 4.1: Visualize FractionsOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Prealgebra — 5.6: Ratios and RateOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Prealgebra — 6.1: Understand PercentOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Prealgebra — 6.5: Solve Proportions and their ApplicationsOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Prealgebra — 9.3: Angles, Triangles and the Pythagorean TheoremOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Prealgebra — 9.7: Solve a Formula for a Specific VariableOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Elementary Algebra — 2.6: Solve a Formula for a Specific VariableOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Elementary Algebra — 4.4: Understand Slope of a LineOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Elementary Algebra — 4.5: The Slope–Intercept Form of a LineOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Elementary Algebra — 8.7: Proportion and Similar Figure ApplicationsOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Elementary Algebra — 10.3: The Quadratic FormulaOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 1.2: Exponents and Scientific NotationOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 1.3: Radicals and Rational ExponentsOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 5.1: Quadratic FunctionsOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 6.1: Exponential FunctionsOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 6.3: Logarithmic FunctionsOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 6.5: Logarithmic PropertiesOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 6.7: Exponential and Logarithmic ModelsOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 7.1: AnglesOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 7.2: Right Triangle TrigonometryOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 7.3: Unit CircleOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Algebra and Trigonometry — 8.1: Graphs of the Sine and Cosine FunctionsOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Precalculus — 12.1: Finding LimitsOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Precalculus — 12.4: DerivativesOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Active Calculus — 1.3: The Derivative of a Function at a PointMatt Boelkins, Grand Valley State University (CC BY-SA 4.0)
- Active Calculus — 4.1: Distance Traveled from VelocityMatt Boelkins, Grand Valley State University (CC BY-SA 4.0)
- Active Calculus — 4.2: Riemann SumsMatt Boelkins, Grand Valley State University (CC BY-SA 4.0)
- Calculus Made Easy (1914)Silvanus P. Thompson, via Project Gutenberg (Public domain)
- Elementary Algebra — 5.1: Solve Systems of Equations by GraphingOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Elementary Algebra — 5.3: Solve Systems of Equations by EliminationOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Precalculus — 8.8: Vectors (including the dot product)OpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- College Physics — 1.3: Accuracy, Precision, and Significant FiguresOpenStax (Rice University) (CC BY 4.0)
- Newtonian Physics (Light and Matter, book 1): measurement, graphs and vectorsBenjamin Crowell (CC BY-SA)
- The First Six Books of the Elements of Euclid (Book I, Prop. 47: Pythagoras)Euclid, ed. John Casey, via Project Gutenberg (Public domain)