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See a force spread out over a growing sphere.
Lines of force spreading out from a source. As the distance slider increases, the same lines spread over a larger sphere, so each patch of area gets fewer of them: twice as far means one quarter as strong.
Why 1/r²? Spreading out
InteractiveThe math, with your numbers
Want to know why it behaves like this?
The lesson “Gravity & Orbits” explains it step by step: Why doesn't the Moon fall down?