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Statistics
High school, algebra only
Averages and spread, probability, the bell curve and best-fit lines, built on real data sets. The companion to Measurement & Data, for when you want to know why the error bars work.
Contents
- Preface
1Sampling and Data
- Introduction
- 1.1Definitions of Statistics, Probability, and Key Terms
- 1.2Data, Sampling, and Variation in Data and Sampling
- 1.3Frequency, Frequency Tables, and Levels of Measurement
- 1.4Experimental Design and Ethics
- 1.5Data Collection Experiment
- 1.6Sampling Experiment
- Key Terms
- Chapter Review
- Practice
- Homework
- Bringing It Together: Homework
- References
- Solutions
2Descriptive Statistics
- Introduction
- 2.1Stem-and-Leaf Graphs (Stemplots), Line Graphs, and Bar Graphs
- 2.2Histograms, Frequency Polygons, and Time Series Graphs
- 2.3Measures of the Location of the Data
- 2.4Box Plots
- 2.5Measures of the Center of the Data
- 2.6Skewness and the Mean, Median, and Mode
- 2.7Measures of the Spread of the Data
- 2.8Descriptive Statistics
- Key Terms
- Chapter Review
- Formula Review
- Practice
- Homework
- Bringing It Together: Homework
- References
- Solutions
3Probability Topics
- Introduction
- 3.1Terminology
- 3.2Independent and Mutually Exclusive Events
- 3.3Two Basic Rules of Probability
- 3.4Contingency Tables
- 3.5Tree and Venn Diagrams
- 3.6Probability Topics
- Key Terms
- Chapter Review
- Formula Review
- Practice
- Bringing It Together: Practice
- Homework
- Bringing It Together: Homework
- References
- Solutions
4Discrete Random Variables
- Introduction
- 4.1Probability Distribution Function (PDF) for a Discrete Random Variable
- 4.2Mean or Expected Value and Standard Deviation
- 4.3Binomial Distribution (Optional)
- 4.4Geometric Distribution (Optional)
- 4.5Hypergeometric Distribution (Optional)
- 4.6Poisson Distribution (Optional)
- 4.7Discrete Distribution (Playing Card Experiment)
- 4.8Discrete Distribution (Lucky Dice Experiment)
- Key Terms
- Chapter Review
- Formula Review
- Practice
- Homework
- References
- Solutions
7The Central Limit Theorem
- Introduction
- 7.1The Central Limit Theorem for Sample Means (Averages)
- 7.2The Central Limit Theorem for Sums (Optional)
- 7.3Using the Central Limit Theorem
- 7.4Central Limit Theorem (Pocket Change)
- 7.5Central Limit Theorem (Cookie Recipes)
- Key Terms
- Chapter Review
- Formula Review
- Practice
- Homework
- References
- Solutions
8Confidence Intervals
- Introduction
- 8.1A Single Population Mean Using the Normal Distribution
- 8.2A Single Population Mean Using the Student's t-Distribution
- 8.3A Population Proportion
- 8.4Confidence Interval (Home Costs)
- 8.5Confidence Interval (Place of Birth)
- 8.6Confidence Interval (Women's Heights)
- Key Terms
- Chapter Review
- Formula Review
- Practice
- Homework
- References
- Solutions
9Hypothesis Testing with One Sample
- Introduction
- 9.1Null and Alternative Hypotheses
- 9.2Outcomes and the Type I and Type II Errors
- 9.3Distribution Needed for Hypothesis Testing
- 9.4Rare Events, the Sample, and the Decision and Conclusion
- 9.5Additional Information and Full Hypothesis Test Examples
- 9.6Hypothesis Testing of a Single Mean and Single Proportion
- Key Terms
- Chapter Review
- Formula Review
- Practice
- Homework
- References
- Solutions
10Hypothesis Testing with Two Samples
- Introduction
- 10.1Two Population Means with Unknown Standard Deviations
- 10.2Two Population Means with Known Standard Deviations
- 10.3Comparing Two Independent Population Proportions
- 10.4Matched or Paired Samples (Optional)
- 10.5Hypothesis Testing for Two Means and Two Proportions
- Key Terms
- Chapter Review
- Formula Review
- Practice
- Homework
- Bringing It Together: Homework
- References
- Solutions
11The Chi-Square Distribution
- Introduction
- 11.1Facts About the Chi-Square Distribution
- 11.2Goodness-of-Fit Test
- 11.3Test of Independence
- 11.4Test for Homogeneity
- 11.5Comparison of the Chi-Square Tests
- 11.6Test of a Single Variance
- 11.7Lab 1: Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit
- 11.8Lab 2: Chi-Square Test of Independence
- Key Terms
- Chapter Review
- Formula Review
- Practice
- Homework
- Bringing It Together: Homework
- References
- Solutions
12Linear Regression and Correlation
- Introduction
- 12.1Linear Equations
- 12.2The Regression Equation
- 12.3Testing the Significance of the Correlation Coefficient (Optional)
- 12.4Prediction (Optional)
- 12.5Outliers
- 12.6Regression (Distance from School) (Optional)
- 12.7Regression (Textbook Cost) (Optional)
- 12.8Regression (Fuel Efficiency) (Optional)
- Key Terms
- Chapter Review
- Formula Review
- Practice
- Homework
- Bringing It Together: Homework
- References
- Solutions
- AAppendix A Review Exercises (Ch 3–13)
- BAppendix B Practice Tests (1–4) and Final Exams
- CData Sets
- DGroup and Partner Projects
- ESolution Sheets
- FMathematical Phrases, Symbols, and Formulas
- GNotes for the TI-83, 83+, 84, 84+ Calculators
- HTables
- Index