LibraryPhysics ContentsPreface1What is Physics?Introduction1.1Physics: Definitions and Applications1.2The Scientific Methods1.3The Language of Physics: Physical Quantities and UnitsKey TermsSection SummaryKey EquationsChapter ReviewConcept ItemsCritical Thinking ItemsProblemsPerformance TaskTest PrepMultiple ChoiceShort AnswerExtended Response2Motion in One DimensionIntroduction2.1Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement2.2Speed and Velocity2.3Position vs. Time Graphs2.4Velocity vs. Time GraphsKey TermsSection Summary3AccelerationIntroduction3.1Acceleration3.2Representing Acceleration with Equations and GraphsKey TermsSection SummaryKey EquationsChapter Review4Forces and Newton’s Laws of MotionIntroduction4.1Force4.2Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia4.3Newton's Second Law of Motion4.4Newton's Third Law of MotionKey TermsSection Summary5Motion in Two DimensionsIntroduction5.1Vector Addition and Subtraction: Graphical Methods5.2Vector Addition and Subtraction: Analytical Methods5.3Projectile Motion5.4Inclined Planes5.5Simple Harmonic MotionKey Terms6Circular and Rotational MotionIntroduction6.1Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity6.2Uniform Circular Motion6.3Rotational MotionKey TermsSection SummaryKey Equations7Newton's Law of GravitationIntroduction7.1Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion7.2Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Einstein's Theory of General RelativityKey TermsSection SummaryKey EquationsChapter Review8MomentumIntroduction8.1Linear Momentum, Force, and Impulse8.2Conservation of Momentum8.3Elastic and Inelastic CollisionsKey TermsSection SummaryKey Equations9Work, Energy, and Simple MachinesIntroduction9.1Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem9.2Mechanical Energy and Conservation of Energy9.3Simple MachinesKey TermsSection SummaryKey Equations10Special RelativityIntroduction10.1Postulates of Special Relativity10.2Consequences of Special RelativityKey TermsSection SummaryKey EquationsChapter Review11Thermal Energy, Heat, and WorkIntroduction11.1Temperature and Thermal Energy11.2Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer11.3Phase Change and Latent HeatKey TermsSection SummaryKey Equations12ThermodynamicsIntroduction12.1Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Equilibrium12.2First law of Thermodynamics: Thermal Energy and Work12.3Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy12.4Applications of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines, Heat Pumps, and RefrigeratorsKey Terms13Waves and Their PropertiesIntroduction13.1Types of Waves13.2Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period13.3Wave Interaction: Superposition and InterferenceKey TermsSection SummaryKey Equations14SoundIntroduction14.1Speed of Sound, Frequency, and Wavelength14.2Sound Intensity and Sound Level14.3Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms14.4Sound Interference and ResonanceKey TermsSection Summary15LightIntroduction15.1The Electromagnetic Spectrum15.2The Behavior of Electromagnetic RadiationKey TermsSection SummaryKey EquationsChapter Review16Mirrors and LensesIntroduction16.1Reflection16.2Refraction16.3LensesKey TermsSection SummaryKey EquationsChapter Review17Diffraction and InterferenceIntroduction17.1Understanding Diffraction and Interference17.2Applications of Diffraction, Interference, and CoherenceKey TermsSection SummaryKey EquationsChapter Review18Static ElectricityIntroduction18.1Electrical Charges, Conservation of Charge, and Transfer of Charge18.2Coulomb's law18.3Electric Field18.4Electric Potential18.5Capacitors and DielectricsKey Terms19Electrical CircuitsIntroduction19.1Ohm's law19.2Series Circuits19.3Parallel Circuits19.4Electric PowerKey TermsSection Summary20MagnetismIntroduction20.1Magnetic Fields, Field Lines, and Force20.2Motors, Generators, and Transformers20.3Electromagnetic InductionKey TermsSection SummaryKey Equations21The Quantum Nature of LightIntroduction21.1Planck and Quantum Nature of Light21.2Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect21.3The Dual Nature of LightKey TermsSection SummaryKey Equations22The AtomIntroduction22.1The Structure of the Atom22.2Nuclear Forces and Radioactivity22.3Half Life and Radiometric Dating22.4Nuclear Fission and Fusion22.5Medical Applications of Radioactivity: Diagnostic Imaging and RadiationKey Terms23Particle PhysicsIntroduction23.1The Four Fundamental Forces23.2Quarks23.3The Unification of ForcesKey TermsSection SummaryChapter ReviewAReference TablesIndexConcept Items Concept Items 1 . Do sound waves push water from one place to another? Explain. No, sound waves transfer only energy from one place to another. Yes, sound waves transfer water from one place to another. 2 . With reference to waves, what is a trough? the lowermost position of a wave the uppermost position of a wave the final position of a wave the initial position of the wave 3. Which of the examples is closest to being purely a longitudinal wave? light waves water waves in a lake sound waves in air seismic waves in Earth’s surface 4 . What does the speed of a mechanical wave depend on? the properties of the material through which it travels the shape of the material through which it travels the size of the material through which it travels the color of the material through which it travels 5 . Which characteristic of a transverse wave is measured along the direction of propagation? The amplitude of a transverse wave is measured along the direction of propagation. The amplitude and the wavelength of a transverse wave are measured along the direction of propagation. The wavelength of a transverse wave is measured along the direction of propagation. The displacement of the particles of the medium in a transverse wave is measured along the direction of propagation. 6 . Which kind of seismic waves cannot travel through liquid? compressional waves P-waves longitudinal waves S-waves 7 . What is the period of a wave? the time that a wave takes to complete a half cycle the time that a wave takes to complete one cycle the time that a wave takes to complete two cycles the time that a wave takes to complete four cycles 8 . When the period of a wave increases, what happens to its frequency? Its frequency decreases. Its frequency increases. Its frequency remains the same. 9 . Is this statement true or false? The amplitudes of waves add up only if they are propagating in the same line. True False 10 . Why is sound from a stereo louder in one part of the room and softer in another? Sound is louder in parts of the room where the density is greatest. Sound is softer in parts of the room where density is smallest. Sound is louder in parts of the room where the density is smallest. Sound is softer in parts of the room where density is greatest. Sound is louder in parts of the room where constructive interference occurs and softer in parts where destructive interference occurs. Sound is louder in parts of the room where destructive interference occurs and softer in parts where constructive interference occurs. 11 . In standing waves on a string, what does the frequency depend on? The frequency depends on the propagation speed and the density of the string. The frequency depends on the propagation speed and the length of the string. The frequency depends on the density and the length of the string. The frequency depends on the propagation speed, the density, and the length of the string. 12. Is the following statement true or false? Refraction is useful in fiber optic cables for transmitting signals. False True 13 . What is refraction? Refraction is the phenomenon in which waves change their path of propagation at the interface of two media with different densities. Refraction is the phenomenon in which waves change their path of propagation at the interface of two media with the same density. Refraction is the phenomenon in which waves become non-periodic at the boundary of two media with different densities. Refraction is the phenomenon in which waves become non-periodic at the boundary of two media with the same density.